RESEARCH DATA:

Pipes were traditionally employed for smoking tobacco, a custom that extended beyond recreation to embrace profound cultural and ritualistic significance. The introduction of tobacco to the Cordillera was attributed to the neighboring Ilocos region, which had acquired cultivation techniques from the Spaniards. In Northern Luzon, tobacco served as a stimulant for both men and women on diverse occasions, whether in the form of cigarettes, cigars, or rolled into compact balls and smoked using tobacco pipes (Meyer and Schadenberg, 1890). The brass used for these pipes originally came from trade sources.

REFERENCES:

Meyer,A.B. and A. Schadenberg. 1890.Die Philippinen.I.Nord-Luzon:Tingianen, Banaos, Ginaanen, Silipanen, Apoyaos, Kianganen,
Igorroten, Irayas und Ilocanen. Series:Publication aus dem Koniglichen Ethnographischen Museum zu Dresden,8.Verlag von Stengel und Markert, Dresden.