RESEARCH DATA:

This single-strand bongor featuring a carnelian porpag centerpiece, flanked by bacao (yellow flat-disk beads), green translucent beads, and octagonal carnelian namut beads (Abellera, 1981). Along the body of the necklace, various agate beads were strung, including burod, gangao, and adjongan. The back portion consists of inasi and pinispisao beads—the former exhibiting a translucent aquamarine hue, while the latter has an opaque red body with distinct stripes.
These Kalinga heirloom beads held different values and were traditionally worn to signify prestige, display a family's wealth, and enhance the wearer's beauty. Among them, agate beads—especially the adjongan—were the most prized (Abellera, 1981). Beyond adornment, these beads hold deep social and cultural significance, marking important life events and playing a role in various ceremonies and rituals (Maramba, 1998). Originating from regions such as Europe and Southeast Asia, they remain enduring symbols of a rich and vibrant cultural exchange.